Read online Yardstick Competition Among Governments: Accountability and Policymaking When Citizens Look Across Borders - Pierre Salmon | PDF
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Experiment - yardstick competition (besley and case, 1995) and the effect of equalizing grants on the yardstick bias (allers, 2012). To be more precise, we will address the two following research questions: rq1 - might fiscal disparity among jurisdiction bias yardstick competition?.
To link the empirical analysis to the theoretical literature, i set up a simple agency model that adapts besley and case (1995) in order to allow for dis-crete technological choices.
4 savva, tezcan, yildiz: yardstick competition for service systems achieves rst-best outcomes on both cost and waiting-time reduction and, just like the cost-based yardstick competition, can be implemented using accounting data on costs and waiting times, along with some information on the queueing discipline.
31 jan 2019 we then demonstrate how yardstick competition can be appropriately modified to achieve the dual goal of cost and waiting-time reduction.
The theory of political yardstick competition states that a comparison of public service levels and tax rates with those in nearby jurisdictions can provide voters.
18 nov 2019 turf is commonly performed on a set of your own flavours, skus, or product variants.
Since competition among local governments which induced by migration of citizens (tiebout model) is not applicable, yardstick competition is believed as an alternative mechanism. Yardstick competition is defined as a condition where citizens-voters are able to benchmark the performance of the incumbent using other local jurisdiction performance.
Be- sides classical theories like the political budget cycle, more current research stresses the role of spatial interactions between jurisdictions (yardstick.
7 apr 2015 by using a yardstick competition model in which residents make contract with an incumbent governor under asymmetric information, it is indicated.
Even without the mobility assumption, subnational governments can engage in a yardstick competition, so citizens observe what other.
In this paper, we test empirically for competition among chinese provinces embedded in a centralized political system. To motivate the empirical work, we adapt besley and case's model (american economic review, 1995) to a model of yardstick competition ‘from the top’.
1093/jeg/lbz036 (online) - i aim to identify the presence of spatial interactions among local governments by exploiting a novel strategy.
Downloadable! in this paper we gather empirical evidence on the existence of strategic interaction among portuguese municipal executives when they set rates of property tax and in particular if we are in the presence of yardstick competition.
13 aug 2019 gallup theme thursday webcast series; season 5, competition; the cliftonstrengths themes at the top of your profile are the most powerful.
Equilibrium of yardstick competition among decentralized local governments and investigate its empirical significance by using.
In this model, the central government (rather than local voters) creates competition among local officials by rewarding or punishing them on the basis of relative.
We investigate the presence of political yardstick competition on current spending decisions in a sample of italian municipalities. We find significant evidence of yardstick competition when we explicitly account for the domestic stability pact (dsp), a fiscal rule introduced to limit the budget deficit of local administrations.
This paper exploits the political cycle of italian municipalities to test for the presence of strategic interactions in the collection of local taxation.
Yardstick competition can actually decrease the amount of strategic interaction among local governments. Besley and smart (2007) also observe that yardstick competition can be welfare dimin-ishing when compared to a situation in which the voters ignore their neighbors’ scal perfor-mance.
The results show evidence for yardstick competition in education spending. Spatial auto-correlation is lower among the lame-ducks (opposed to those in the rst term in o ce) and higher among the incumbents with minority support at the city council (opposed to incumbents with majority support).
17 oct 2019 the short handed goal can give us an indication of the nature of a power canadiens must get more creative to gain competitive advantage.
Yardstick competition among governments accountability and policymaking when citizens look across borders.
Collusion among would destroy the firms essential effects of yardstick competition. Subsequently, chong and huet (2009) analyzed this problem with a model based on one illustrated by laffont and tirole (1993); they made a comparative study of the two mechanisms, yardstick competition and franchise bidding, the collusion among examining.
This points to yardstick competition as the most likely source of tax mimicking. We also find that dutch voters seem to be able to penalize incumbents for anticipated tax rate differentials, but not for unanticipated tax rate differentials. This limits the effectiveness of yardstick competition as a mechanism to reduce political rent-seeking.
Yardstick competition among governments accountability and policymaking when citizens look across borders pierre salmon. Broad overview of yardstick competition; links yardstick competition to insights of political economy and principal-agent theory; combines theoretical, methodological, and empirical findings.
Previous research has shown that tiebout-style fiscal competition among local governments reduces the likelihood of adopting income taxes.
7 jun 2019 broad overview of yardstick competition links yardstick competition to insights of political economy and principal-agent theory combines.
It is mostly in that broader context, especially when national governments are involved, that the systemic implications of yardstick competition come to the fore.
Highlights we propose a model of yardstick competition `from the top' in which the central government creates competition among provincial governors by judging them on the basis of relative performance in providing public services. Our theoretical framework predicts that the central government involves strategic interactions among local governors as voters do in democratic countries.
2 worse than that, these theories may have very different, indeed contrasting, normative implications, so that the observer is left without solid grounds to judge this evidence. As usual in empirical analyses, the above indeterminacy arises from one (or both) of the following reasons.
The presence of market failures in the water and sewerage services requires their economic regulation.
10 jun 2019 in this respect, yardstick competition in spanish municipalities would have a positive and a negative implication, simultaneously.
Interjurisdictional competition among chinese local o¢ cials using a model of yardstick competition from the top, in which the central government (and not local voters) creates a competition among local o¢ cials by rewarding or punishing them on the basis of relative economic performance.
More subsidized insurance coverage for the poor in neighboring local governments) induces them to cover more poor families.
That question is typically discussed, however, as if voters did not count and as if competition among governments was exclusively based on the mobility of firms across jurisdictions. But intergovernmental competition can also take the form of yardstick, or relative performance, competition.
Price controls with best-practice benchmarking and yardstick competition. Most regulatory applications of yardstick competition in the energy sector apply either.
Yardstick competition among identical firms * since cost-of-service regulation leads to inefficient performance, the regulator should like to eliminate the dependence of the firm's price on its own chosen cost level. To do that, he can use cost levels of identical firms to determine the price.
One of the main goals of regulatory intervention is to promote firm efficiency and productivity. • should the regulator succeed in this, regulated firms would.
These cross-jurisdiction or yardstick comparisons can have an effect on citizens’ support of incumbents (yardstick voting) and, as a consequence, an effect on governments’ decisions, making them interact (political yardstick competition proper).
In the yardstick competition model, voters without complete information on the cost of public goods and services compare expenditures and taxes in their jurisdiction with those of nearby jurisdictions (salomon, 1987), and hence, voters punish the incumbent politician if her tax rate decisions are not in line with those of their neighbors.
In yardstick competition among governments, pierre salmon argues that a more effective and insightful approach is to use common measures across a variety of countries, state, or other relevant political and economic districts. This facilitates and enables citizens comparing policy outputs in their own jurisdictions with those of others.
Of political yardstick competition among the lower tier governments; our parameter measuring the intensity of yardstick competition in lower tier elections (gubernatorial elections) thus varies positively with economic integration.
22 pagesthe significance of yardstick competition among governments is now confirmed with regard to fiscal variables. This is an important result but the significance of the mechanism must also be sought in a context broader than that of fiscal federalism and without limitation to relations and processes fully observable.
There is a renaissance of interest in yardstick competition as an aid to regulators. It can work well when the only source of inter-firm cost differences is efficiency.
“in search of yardstick competition: a spatial analysis of italian municipal property tax setting,” journal of urban economics 54, 199–217.
In particular, states may trim tax rate increases that put them out of line with their neighbors. Thus, we have a kind of yardstick competition, studied previously by andrei shleifer (1985) among others, in which agents use the performance of others as a benchmark.
Technical efficiency gains from port reform: the potential for yardstick competition in mexico.
Yardstick competition is a regulation regime that forces local monopolies to compete against a variable cost or total cost benchmark.
6 nov 2015 this paper addresses the issue of inter-jurisdictional cooperation when in- cumbents are pure rent seekers.
10 oct 2019 pierre salmon's, yardstick competition among governments, seeks to fill this gap by evaluating the literature spanning several decades while.
Yardstick competition may be extended to include fiscal disparities. Second, it may be tested empirically whether the slope of the yardstick competition reaction function depends on the relative fiscal advantage of jurisdictions, as predicted in this letter.
The present work focuses on the yardstick competition source of scal interaction among jurisdictions. Our main aim is to empirically asses the presence of political yard-stick competition on spending decisions of a sample of italian municipalities. Empirically it is not easy to disentangle the yardstick competition behaviour from the other three.
Key words: yardstick competition, hospital regulation, emergency care, game theory, queueing.
Yardstick competition applied to the japanese regional transport market includes the cost of all firms. On the other hand, yardstick competition suggested by shleifer (1985) excludes the firm’s own cost from the yardstick. Now, we attempt to modify japanese-style yardstick competition to exclude the firm’s own cost.
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